Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has evolved from a diagnostic tool to an almost exclusively therapeutic procedure. ERCP is performed with a side-viewing duodenoscope that allows identification of the major papilla. The bile duct is cannulated under endoscopic and fluoroscopic guidance (image 1) and a variety of catheters, balloons, baskets, guidewires, and stents are used for therapeutic interventions (image 2).
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